In November 1991, the recently established video game development company Id Software, founded by programmers John Carmack and John Romero, game designer Tom Hall, and artist Adrian Carmack, were planning their next major game after finishing their contract with their former employer Softdisk. Muse Software released the follow-up, Beyond Castle Wolfenstein in 1984 before the company legally disestablished on October 7, 1987. Castle Wolfenstein was the first computer game to feature digitized speech and influenced the development of other similar game franchises such as Metal Gear and Thief. Ĭastle Wolfenstein is often credited as one of the first video games in the stealth genre, as it focuses more on avoiding or disarming enemies, and killing them is considered a last resort. He eventually settled on the idea of a game based on the arcade shoot 'em up genre, where players dodge enemies with the intent of killing them, but instead changing the objective to escape the enemy guards and their castle, not necessarily to kill and destroy them this made shooting guards a means to an end and not an end in itself. After playing the game, Warner thought about taking the design of Berzerk and replacing the robots with Nazis. That same day, Warner played the multi-directional shooter arcade game, Berzerk, in which the player navigates through a maze with laser-shooting robots. Ĭastle Wolfenstein was initially conceptualized by Warner after he saw the 1961 British-American war film The Guns of Navarone, which follows the efforts of an Allied commando unit as they attempt to destroy a seemingly impregnable German fortress. Warner is cited as a pioneer in the early eras of video gaming, especially in the stealth genre. The series presents an action-heavy take on the fight against Nazi Germany.Ĭastle Wolfenstein was developed by programmer Silas Warner, along with Dale Gray and George Varndell, and published in 1981 by his company M.U.S.E. After ZeniMax Media acquired id Software, including the Wolfenstein franchise, developer MachineGames became the series' primary developer. Beginning with id Software's Wolfenstein 3D, they shifted to, and helped popularize, the first-person shooter genre. The first two games in the series, Castle Wolfenstein and Beyond Castle Wolfenstein, focused on stealth-based gameplay from a top-down perspective. Earlier titles are centered around Nazis attempting to harness supernatural and occult forces, while later games are set in an alternate history in which Axis powers won World War II. The majority of the games follow William "B.J." Blazkowicz, an American Army captain, and his fight against the Axis powers. Wolfenstein is a series of World War II video games originally developed by Muse Software.
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